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TL;DR — One-paragraph verdict on the most important practical distinction. What matters most for Vitals users? Lead with biometric relevance, not mechanism elegance.

Comparison table

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Class
Primary mechanism
Key biometric signal
Onset / half-life
Acute HRV effect
Next-day effect
Long-term risk
Vitals relevance
Stack priority

Key differences

Mechanism-level

What separates these at the receptor/pathway level? Be specific. One paragraph max.

Biometric-level

How do the wearable signals differ? HRV, RHR, sleep architecture, recovery. Be concrete with numbers where evidence allows.

Practical-level

Dosing logistics, detection window, confound profile, stack interaction weight.

Shared mechanisms

What do they have in common that matters for Vitals?

Vitals relevance

Explicitly: what does this mean for HRV interpretation, readiness scoring, coaching decisions, or stack logic?

Risks and uncertainty

Where is evidence thin? What remains contested? Be direct.