11-OH-THC
What it is
Primary active metabolite of oral THC. Formed mainly by CYP2C9 (primary) and CYP2C19 (secondary). Far more psychoactive than THC itself.
Why it matters for Vitals
This is the mechanistic reason edibles feel stronger and longer-lasting than inhaled cannabis.
Key facts
- Oral THC undergoes extensive first-pass conversion to 11-OH-THC
- 11-OH-THC crosses the BBB more efficiently than THC
- Functionally 2–5× more potent than THC in psychoactivity contribution
- CBD 640 mg increases THC AUC ~160% and triples the 11-OH-THC:THC ratio (CYP2C19 inhibition)
- **CYP2C93/3 slow metabolizers: THC AUC ~3× higher, half-life prolonged from ~7 h → ~22 h
Practical implication
Edibles are not just “more THC” — they produce a qualitatively different, more potent psychoactive state that is harder to self-titrate and produces stronger next-day effects.